Xtandi tablets 40 mg for prostate cancer (enzalutamide)

What are Xtandi tablets 40 mg for prostate cancer (enzalutamide)​?

Xtandi tablets contain the active ingredient enzalutamide, a nonsteroidal antiandrogen. This medication exerts its therapeutic effects by selectively inhibiting the binding of androgens, which are male hormones, to the androgen receptors present in prostate tissues. By interrupting this signaling pathway, Xtandi effectively hinders the progression of prostate cancer.

The mechanism of action of Xtandi is primarily centered around its ability to antagonize androgen receptors in prostate cancer cells. These receptors are responsible for transmitting signals that promote the growth and survival of cancerous prostate tissue. By binding to these receptors and blocking their activation, enzalutamide disrupts the androgen-driven cellular processes that fuel the malignancy, impeding cancer growth.

Beyond its direct interference with androgen receptors, Xtandi exhibits additional anti-tumor properties by targeting multiple proliferative pathways within prostate cancer cells. This multifaceted approach to cancer treatment makes Xtandi a valuable option for patients with metastatic or castration-resistant prostate cancer. Castration-resistant prostate cancer refers to a form of the disease that continues to progress despite reduced levels of testosterone, which typically occurs after standard androgen deprivation therapy.

Clinical trials have provided valuable insights into the effectiveness of Xtandi tablets. For patients who have not undergone chemotherapy, the use of Xtandi has been associated with a statistically significant 30% reduction in the risk of death compared to placebo treatments. Moreover, Xtandi has demonstrated an impressive 81% reduction in radiographic progression, highlighting its ability to slow the spread of the disease within the body.

It is worth noting that Xtandi tablets may also find application in feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women. This off-label use is predicated on the medication's antiandrogenic properties, which can assist in achieving desired changes in secondary sexual characteristics. However, it is essential for transgender individuals considering this use to consult with a healthcare provider to assess its appropriateness and potential side effects. While Xtandi offers therapeutic benefits, it is crucial to exercise caution when considering its use. Pregnant women should avoid this medication, as it has the potential to cause harm to the developing fetus. As such, adequate contraception measures should be discussed and implemented during the treatment.

Active principles: enzalutamide

Amount: 56 tablets

Maker: Astellas Pharma Inc., Tokyo, Japan

Indications: treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer and metastatic prostate cancer

How to take

Adults should take 4 tablets (160 mg of the active principle) at a time, once a day. 

Contraindications: do not use for the following patients:

• patients with convulsive disease such as epilepsy or a history of it,
• patients with predisposition to convulsive seizure (having coexisting disease such as brain damage or stroke, or a history of it),
• patients with interstitial lung disease or a history of it,
• pregnant, possibly pregnant or breastfeeding women. 

Important information

Due to teratogenic effect, this medicine should not be used for pregnant women or those who may become pregnant. 

As in rare cases, this medicine may cause convulsive seizure, patient should pay close attention when operating dangerous machinery, driving a car or working at heights. 

As this medicine may cause interstitial lung disease, initial symptoms such as shortness of breath, respiratory distress, cough or fever should be regularly checked while using this medicine. Patients is recommended to receive regular chest X-ray. If any of these initial symptoms of interstitial lung disease occur, patient should consult with medical institution immediately.

If an allergic reaction occurs, patient needs to stop using the medicine and consult with their doctor. If patient is taking any other medication or treatment, they should consult with their doctor in advance.